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# Swamy Law House

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- [Home](https://swamylawhouse.com/) - Swamy Law House in Kochi offers a comprehensive range of legal publications & allied resources to meet your legal needs with quality & reliability. Explore now!
- [Contact Us](https://swamylawhouse.com/contact-us/) - Contact Us Do You have questions? Get in touch with us! Swamy Law House Adv. Easwara Iyer Road, Ernakulam - 682 035. 0484 236 1341 +91 94460 61341 sales@swamylawhouse.com Name Phone number Email Message SUBMIT
- [Cancellation & Refund Policy](https://swamylawhouse.com/refund_returns/) - Cancellation & Refund Policy Effective Date: February 21, 2025.At, www.swamylawhouse.com, we are committed to providing you with the best online buying experience. Please read our ‘Cancellation and Refund Policy’ carefully to understand your rights and responsibilities regarding order cancellations and refunds.Order CancellationCancellation Before Shipment– Orders can be cancelled before they are shipped without any cancellation
- [Terms and conditions](https://swamylawhouse.com/terms-and-conditions/) - Terms and conditions Last updated December 12, 2024AGREEMENT TO OUR LEGAL TERMSWe are Swamy Law House (‘Company‘, ‘we‘, ‘us‘, or ‘our‘), a company registered in India at 40/8826 B, Swamy Iyer Road, Doraiswamy Iyer Rd, near Kavitha Theatre,, Ernakulam, Kerala 680035.We operate the website https://swamylawhouse.com/ (the ‘Site‘), as well as any other related products and
- [Privacy Policy](https://swamylawhouse.com/privacy-policy/) - Privacy Policy Who we are Suggested text: Our website address is: http://swamylawhouse.com Comments Suggested text: When visitors leave comments on the site we collect the data shown in the comments form, and also the visitor’s IP address and browser user agent string to help spam detection. An anonymized string created from your email address (also
- [Value Added Tax (VAT)](https://swamylawhouse.com/value-added-tax-vat/) - Value Added Tax (VAT) Swamy Law House in Kochi provides a range of legal publications, including those related to Value Added Tax (VAT), which was a significant indirect tax system in India before the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in 2017. Their offerings on VAT typically cater to legal professionals, tax consultants,
- [Shipping Policy](https://swamylawhouse.com/shipping-policy/) - Shipping Policy Here’s a Shipping Policy template tailored for Swamy Law House in Kochi, which you can customize based on your business practices:Shipping Policy for Swamy Law HouseEffective Date: December 12, 2024Order ProcessingOrders are processed within [1-3 business days] of confirmation.Orders placed on weekends or public holidays will be processed on the next working day.Shipping
- [Service Tax](https://swamylawhouse.com/service-tax/) - Service Tax Swamy Law House, a trusted name in legal publications, offers resources and references on Service Tax in India. While Service Tax was replaced by the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in 2017, many legal cases and legacy issues still require expertise in the former regulations. Swamy Law House likely provides:Resources on Service Tax:Books
- [Income Tax](https://swamylawhouse.com/income-tax/) - Income Tax Swamy Law House, based in Kochi, specializes in legal publications, including those related to Income Tax laws and practices in India. They provide comprehensive resources like updated commentaries, case law reports, and guides on tax regulations, aimed at legal professionals, students, and practitioners.Resources They Likely Offer:Books on Income Tax Law:Annotated versions of the
- [Kerala Law Journal](https://swamylawhouse.com/kerala-law-journal/) - Kerala Law Journal The Kerala Law Journal (KLJ), a renowned and historic publication in case law reporting, was relaunched in 2017 under the management of Swamy Law House. This revival marked a continuation of its legacy, catering to the needs of legal professionals with updated and reliable case law documentation. The relaunch aimed to preserve
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## Products

- [THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT , 2005](https://swamylawhouse.com/product/the-right-to-information-act-2005/) - SIMPLIFIED FOR BETTER PRACTICE CENTRAL RULES AND KERALA RULES ADV. CHANDRABOS P.V Addl.Law Secretary (Rtd.) Law Secretariat, Thiruvananthapuram Foreword by SRI. V. HARI NAIR Chief Information Commissioner Hon’ble District Judge (Rtd) 1st EDITION 2025 General Contents The Right to Information Act, 2005............................................................. 1-100 The Kerala Right to Information (Regulation of Fee and Cost) Rules, 2006
- [Sexual Harassment at the Workplace  Prevent-Probe-Punish](https://swamylawhouse.com/product/sexual-harassment-at-the-workplace-prevent-probe-punish/) - BY Dr. Gita Gopal 1st Edition, 2023 Contents Chapter 1 : Sexual Harassment of Women at the Workplace – An Overview Chapter 2 : Sexual Harassment and the 2013 Act Chapter 3 : Committees to Handle Complaints of Sexual Harassment Chapter 4: Complaining About Sexual Harassment Chapter 5: Inquiring Into A Sexual Harassment Complaint Chapter
- [M. Karunakaran Nambiar's Handbook On Kerala Stamp Act, 1959](https://swamylawhouse.com/product/m-karunakaran-nambiars-handbook-on-kerala-stamp-act-1959/) - BY N. Y VENKIT BSL, LL.B. 12th Edition 2026
- [Suseelan & Anilkumar On The Code Of Civil Procedure, 1908](https://swamylawhouse.com/product/suseelan-anilkumar-on-the-code-of-civil-procedure-1908/) - The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 PRELIMINARY Short title, commencement and extent............................................................... 5 Definitions.......................................................................................................... 9 Subordination of Courts................................................................................... 38 Savings............................................................................................................. 40 Application of the Code to Revenue Courts..................................................... 41 Pecuniary jurisdiction....................................................................................... 41 Provincial Small Cause Courts.......................................................................... 42 Presidency Small Cause Courts........................................................................ 43 Part I Suits in General Jurisdiction of the Courts and Res judicata Courts to try all civil suits unless barred.......................................................... 44 Stay of suit........................................................................................................ 56 Res judicata....................................................................................................... 60 Bar to further suit............................................................................................. 77 When foreign judgment not conclusive............................................................ 78 Presumption as to foreign judgments............................................................... 80 Place of Suing Court in which suits to be instituted................................................................ 81 Suits to be instituted where subject-matter situate........................................... 82 Suits for immovable property situate within jurisdiction of ............................... different Courts 84 Place of institution of suit where local limits of jurisdiction of .......................... Courts are uncertain 85 Suits for compensation for wrongs to person or movables.............................. 86 Other suits to be instituted where defendants reside or cause ......................... of action arises 86 Objections to jurisdiction.................................................................................. 94 21-A. Bar on suit to set aside decree on objection as to place of suing...................... 97 Power to transfer suits which may be instituted in more than one Court........ 98 To what Court application lies......................................................................... 99 General power of transfer and withdrawal.................................................... 100 Power of Supreme Court to transfer suits, etc................................................ 107 Institution of Suits Institution of suits........................................................................................... 109 Summons and Discovery Summons to defendants................................................................................. 111 Service of summons where defendant resides in another State...................... 113 Service of foreign summonses........................................................................ 113 Power to order discovery and the like........................................................... 114 Summons to witness....................................................................................... 117 Penalty for default.......................................................................................... 117 Judgment and Decree Judgment and decree...................................................................................... 117 Interest Interest........................................................................................................... 121 Costs Costs............................................................................................................... 127 35-A. Compensatory costs in respect of false or vexatious claims or defences........ 131 35-B. Costs for causing delay................................................................................... 133 Part II Execution General Application to orders...................................................................................... 135 Definition of Court which passed a decree..................................................... 136 Courts by which Decrees may be Executed Court by which decree may be executed........................................................ 137 Transfer of decree.......................................................................................... 139 Transfer of decree to Court in another State.................................................. 143 Result of execution proceedings to be certified.............................................. 143 Powers of Court in executing transferred decree........................................... 144 Execution of decrees passed by Civil Courts in places to which this ................. Code does not extend............................................................................................................. 146 Execution of decree passed by Revenue Courts in places to which ................... this Code does not extend............................................................................................................. 147 44-A. Execution of decrees passed by Courts in reciprocating territory.................. 147 Execution of decrees outside India................................................................. 149 Precepts.......................................................................................................... 149 Questions to be determined by Court Executing Decree Questions to be determined by the Court executing decree........................... 151 Limit of Time for Execution Execution barred in certain cases [Omitted].................................................... 161 Transferees and Legal Representatives Transferee....................................................................................................... 161 Legal representative....................................................................................... 161 Powers of Court to enforce execution............................................................ 163 Enforcement of decree against legal representative....................................... 166 Liability of ancestral property........................................................................ 168 Partition of estate or separation of share........................................................ 169 Arrest and Detention Arrest and detention...................................................................................... 170 Prohibition of arrest or detention of women in execution of ............................. decree for money 172 Subsistence allowance..................................................................................... 172 Detention and release..................................................................................... 173 Release on ground of illness........................................................................... 175 Attachment Property liable to attachment and sale in execution of decree........................ 175 Partial exemption of agricultural produce...................................................... 184 Seizure of property in dwelling-house........................................................... 184 Property attached in execution of decrees of several Courts.......................... 185 Private alienation of property after attachment to be void............................ 186 Sale Purchaser’s title.............................................................................................. 188 Suit against purchaser not maintainable on ground of purchase ........................ being on behalf of plaintiff [Omitted]............................................................................................ 189 Power for State Government to make rules as to sales of land ......................... in execution of decrees for payment of money....................................................................... 189 Delegation to Collector of Power to execute Decrees against Immovable Property 68-72. [Omitted]......................................................................................................... 190 Distribution of Assets Proceeds of execution sale to be rateably distributed among ............................ decree holders 190 Resistance to Execution Resistance to execution................................................................................... 194 PART III Incidental Proceedings Commissions Power of Court to issue commissions............................................................. 194 Commission to another Court........................................................................ 195 Letter of request............................................................................................. 196 Commissions issued by foreign Courts.......................................................... 196 PART IV Suits in Particular Cases Suits by or against the Government or Public Officers in their Official Capacity Suits by or against Government..................................................................... 197 Notice............................................................................................................. 197 Exemption from arrest and personal appearance........................................... 202 Execution of decree........................................................................................ 202 Suits by Aliens and by or against Foreign Rulers, Ambassadors and Envoys When aliens may sue...................................................................................... 203 When foreign States may sue.......................................................................... 203 Persons specially appointed by Government to prosecute or defend ................ on behalf of foreign Rulers.............................................................................................................. 203 Suits against foreign Rulers, Ambassadors and Envoys................................. 204 Style of foreign rulers as parties to suits........................................................ 206 87-A. Definitions of “foreign State” and “Ruler”..................................................... 206 Suits against Rulers of former Indian States 87-B. Application of Sections 85 and 86 to Rulers of former Indian States.............. 206 Interpleader Where interpleader suit may be instituted..................................................... 208 PART V Special Proceedings Arbitration Settlement of disputes outside the Court....................................................... 208 Special Case Power to state case for opinion of Court........................................................ 221 Public nuisances and other wrongful acts affecting the public Public nuisances and other wrongful acts affecting the public........................ 221 Public charities................................................................................................ 223 Exercise of powers of Advocate-General outside Presidency-towns............. 228 Part VI Supplemental Proceedings Supplemental proceedings.............................................................................. 239 Compensation for obtaining arrest, attachment or injunction on ....................... insufficient grounds 240 PART VII Appeals Appeals from Original Decrees Appeal from original decrees......................................................................... 242 Appeal from final decree where no appeal from preliminary decree............. 249 Decision where appeal heard by two or more Judges.................................... 250 No decree to be reversed or modified for error or irregularity not ................. affecting merits or jurisdiction...................................................................................................... 251 99-A. No order under Section 47 to be reversed or modified unless decision ............ of the case is prejudicially affected...................................................................................... 252 Appeals from Appellate Decrees Second appeal................................................................................................. 252 100A. No further appeal in certain cases.................................................................. 258 Second appeal on no other grounds............................................................... 260 No second appeal in certain cases................................................................... 260 Power of High Court to determine issue of fact............................................. 261 Appeals from Orders Orders from which appeal lies........................................................................ 262 Other orders................................................................................................... 263 What Courts to hear appeals.......................................................................... 264 General Provisions relating to Appeals Powers of Appellate Court............................................................................. 264 Procedure in appeals from appellate decrees and orders............................... 265 Appeals to the Supreme Court When appeals lie to the Supreme Court.......................................................... 266 Value of subject-matter [Omitted]................................................................... 266 Bar of certain appeals [Omitted]...................................................................... 266 111-A. Appeals to Federal Court [Omitted]................................................................ 266 Savings............................................................................................................ 266 PART VIII Reference, Review and Revision Reference to High Court................................................................................. 267 Review............................................................................................................ 268 Revision.......................................................................................................... 271 PART IX SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE HIGH COURTS NOT BEING THE COURT OF A JUDICIAL COMMISSIONER Part to apply to certain High Courts.............................................................. 278 Application of Code to High Courts............................................................... 278 Execution of decree before ascertainment of costs......................................... 278 Unauthorized persons not to address Court.................................................. 278 Provisions not applicable to High Court in original civil jurisdiction............. 278 PART X Rules Effect of rules in First Schedule...................................................................... 279 Power of certain High Courts to make rules.................................................. 279 Constitution of Rule Committees in certain States.......................................... 279 Committee to report to High Court............................................................... 280 Power of other High Courts to make rules.................................................... 280 Rules to be subject to approval....................................................................... 281 Publication of rules......................................................................................... 281 Matters for which rules may provide............................................................. 281 Power of High Courts to make rules as to their original civil procedure....... 283 Power of other High Courts to make rules as to matters other ......................... than procedure 283 Publication of rules......................................................................................... 283 PART XI Miscellaneous Exemption of certain women from personal appearance................................ 284 Exemption of other persons............................................................................ 284 Arrest other than execution of decree............................................................ 285 Exemption from arrest under civil process..................................................... 285 135-A. Exemption of members of legislative bodies from arrest and detention under civil process............................................................................................................ 286 Procedure where person to be arrested or property to be attached is .............. outside district 287 Language of subordinate Courts.................................................................... 288 Power of High Court to require evidence to be recorded in English............. 289 Oath on affidavit by whom to be administered............................................. 289 Assessors in causes of salvage, etc.................................................................. 290 Miscellaneous proceedings............................................................................. 290 Orders and notices to be in writing................................................................ 291 Postage........................................................................................................... 291 Application for restitution.............................................................................. 291 Enforcement of liability of surety................................................................... 296 Proceedings by or against representatives..................................................... 298 Consent or agreement by persons under disability........................................ 300 Enlargement of time....................................................................................... 300 148A. Right to lodge a caveat................................................................................... 301 Power to make up deficiency of court-fees..................................................... 304 Transfer of business........................................................................................ 306 Saving of inherent powers of Court............................................................... 306 Amendment of judgment, decrees or orders.................................................. 314 General power to amend................................................................................ 319 153-A. Power to amend decree or order where appeal is summarily dismissed 320 153-B. Place of trial to be deemed to be open Court................................................. 320 Saving of present right of appeal [Omitted].................................................... 321 Amendment of certain Acts [Omitted]............................................................ 322 Repeals [Omitted] ........................................................................................... 322 Continuance of orders under repealed enactments........................................ 322 Reference to Code of Civil Procedure and other repealed enactments.......... 322 THE FIRST SCHEDULE ORDER I PARTIES TO SUITS Who may be joined as plaintiffs...................................................................... 323 Power of Court to order separate trials......................................................... 324 Who may be joined as defendants.................................................................. 325 3-A. Power to order separate trials where joinder of defendants may ..................... embarrass or delay trial................................................................................................................. 326 Court may give judgment for or against one or more of joint parties............ 326 Defendant need not be interested in all the relief claimed............................. 326 Joinder of parties liable on same contract....................................................... 327 When plaintiff in doubt from whom redress is to be sought.......................... 327 One person may sue or defend on behalf of all in same interest.................... 327 8-A. Power of Court to permit a person or body of persons to present opinion ....... or to take part in the proceedings.................................................................................................... 333 Misjoinder and non-joinder............................................................................ 334 Suit in name of wrong plaintiff....................................................................... 336 - Court may strike out or add parties............................................................. 336 - Where defendant added, plaint to be amended........................................... 336 10-A. Power of Court to request any pleader to address it..................................... 344 Conduct of suit............................................................................................... 344 Appearance of one of several plaintiff or defendants for others.................... 345 Objections as to non-joinder or misjoinder..................................................... 345 ORDER II FRAME OF SUIT Frame of suit................................................................................................... 345 Suit to include the whole claim....................................................................... 345 - Relinquishment of part of claim.................................................................... 345 - Omission to sue for one of several reliefs.................................................... 345 Joinder of causes of action.............................................................................. 350 Only certain claims to be joined for recovery of immovable property........... 350 Claims by or against executor, administrator or heir..................................... 351 Power of Court to order separate trials......................................................... 351 Objections as to misjoinder............................................................................. 351 Plaint to be amended...................................................................................... 352 ORDER III RECOGNIZED AGENTS AND PLEADERS Appearances, etc., may be in person, by recognized agent or by pleader...... 352 Recognized agents.......................................................................................... 355 Service of process on recognized agents......................................................... 357 Appointment of pleader................................................................................. 357 Service of process on pleader......................................................................... 359 Agent to accept service................................................................................... 359 - Appointment to be in writing and to be filed in Court................................ 359 ORDER IV INSTITUTION OF SUITS Suit to be commenced by plaint...................................................................... 360 Register of suits.............................................................................................. 360 ORDER V Issue and Service of Summons Issue of Summons Summons........................................................................................................ 360 Copy of plaint annexed to summons.............................................................. 362 Court may order defendant or plaintiff to appear in person.......................... 363 No party to be ordered to appear in person unless resident with ..................... certain limits 363 Summons to be either (1) to ascertain whether the suit is contested or ............. not or (2) for the final disposal of the suit.................................................................................. 363 Fixing day for appearance of defendant......................................................... 364 Summons to order defendant to produce documents relied on by him......... 365 On issue of summons for final disposal, defendant to be directed to ................ produce his witnesses........................................................................................................ 365 Service of Summons Delivery of summons by Court...................................................................... 365 9A. Summons given to the plaintiff for service..................................................... 369 Mode of service.............................................................................................. 370 Service on several defendants........................................................................ 370 Service to be on defendant in person when practicable, or on his agent........ 370 Service on agent by whom defendant carries on business.............................. 370 Service on agent in charge in suits for immovable property........................... 370 Where service may be on an adult member of defendant’s family................. 370 Person served to sign acknowledgment......................................................... 371 Procedure when defendant refuses to accept service, or cannot be found..... 372 Endorsement of time and manner of service.................................................. 373 Examination of serving officer........................................................................ 374 19A. Simultaneous issue of summons issue of summons for service by ..................... post in addition to personnel service [Omitted]............................................................................. 374 Substituted service.......................................................................................... 374 - Effect of substituted service......................................................................... 375 - Where service substituted, time for appearance to be fixed......................... 375 20-A. [Omitted]......................................................................................................... 376 Service of summons where defendant resides within jurisdiction of ................. another Court 376 Service within Presidency-towns of summons issued by Courts outside....... 376 Duty of Court to which summons is sent....................................................... 376 Service on defendant in prison....................................................................... 377 Service where defendant resides out of India and has no agent.................... 377 Service in foreign territory through Political Agent or Court........................ 378 26-A. Summonses to be sent to officers of foreign countries................................... 380 Service on civil public officer or on servant of railway Administration ............. or local authority 380 Service on soldiers, sailors or airmen............................................................. 380 Duty of person to whom summons is delivered or sent for service............... 381 29A. Service where defendant is a public officer sued in his official capacity......... 381 Substitution of letter for summons................................................................. 381 382 ORDER VI PLEADINGS GENERALLY Pleading.......................................................................................................... 383 Pleading to state material facts and not evidence........................................... 385 Forms of pleading........................................................................................... 387 Particulars to be given where necessary......................................................... 388 4A. 389 Further and better statement, or particulars [Omitted]................................... 389 Condition precedent....................................................................................... 390 Departure....................................................................................................... 390 Denial of contract........................................................................................... 390 Effect of document to be stated...................................................................... 390 Malice, knowledge, etc................................................................................... 390 Notice............................................................................................................. 391 Implied contract, or relation........................................................................... 391 Presumptions of law....................................................................................... 391 Pleading to be signed..................................................................................... 391 14-A. Address for service of notice.......................................................................... 392 Verification of pleading ................................................................................. 393 Striking out pleadings..................................................................................... 395 Amendment of pleadings............................................................................... 397 Failure to amend after order.......................................................................... 405 ORDER VII PLAINT Particulars to be contained in plaint............................................................... 406 In money suits................................................................................................ 408 Where the subject-matter of the suit is immovable property.......................... 410 When plaintiff sues as representatives............................................................ 410 Defendant’s interest and liability to be shown............................................... 411 Grounds of exemption from limitation law.................................................... 411 Relief to be specifically stated......................................................................... 411 Relief founded on separate grounds............................................................... 413 Procedure on admitting plaint........................................................................ 413 Return of plaint............................................................................................... 414 - Procedure on returning plaint...................................................................... 414 10-A. Power of Court to fix a date of appearance in the Court where plaint .............. is to be filed after its return.............................................................................................................. 416 10-B. Power of appellate Court to transfer suit to the proper Court...................... 417 Rejection of plaint........................................................................................... 417 Procedure on rejecting plaint.......................................................................... 421 Where rejection of plaint does not preclude presentation of fresh plaint....... 421 Documents relied on in plaint Production of documents on which plaintiff sues or relies............................. 422 Statement in case of documents not in plaintiff’s possession ............................. or power [Omitted] 423 Suits on lost negotiable instruments............................................................... 423 Production of shop-book................................................................................ 423 - Original entry to be marked and returned................................................... 424 Inadmissibility of document not produced when plaint filed [Omitted]......... 424 ORDER VIII WRITTEN STATEMENT, SET-OFF AND COUNTER-CLAIM Written statement........................................................................................... 424 1A. Duty of defendant to produce documents upon which relief is ......................... claimed or relied upon by him.................................................................................................... 426 New facts must be specially pleaded.............................................................. 427 Denial to be specific........................................................................................ 428 Evasive denial................................................................................................. 431 Specific denial................................................................................................. 431 Particulars of set-off to be given in written statement................................... 433 - Effect of set-off............................................................................................. 433 6-A. Counter-claim by defendant........................................................................... 435 6-B. Counter-claim to be stated............................................................................. 439 6-C. Exclusion of counter-claim.............................................................................. 439 6-D. Effect of discontinuance of suit....................................................................... 440 6-E. Default of plaintiff to reply to counter-claim.................................................. 440 6-F. Relief to defendant where counter-claim succeeds......................................... 440 6-G. Rules relating to written statement to apply.................................................. 440 Defence or set-off or counter-claim founded on separate grounds................ 440 New ground of defence.................................................................................. 440 8A. [Omitted]......................................................................................................... 440 Subsequent pleading....................................................................................... 441 Procedure when party fails to present written statement called ........................ for by Court 442 ORDER VIII A THIRD PARTY PROCEDURE Third party notice........................................................................................... 445 Effect of notice................................................................................................ 446 Default by third party.................................................................................... 447 Procedure on default...................................................................................... 447 Third party directions.................................................................................... 447 Leave to defend.............................................................................................. 447 Costs............................................................................................................... 448 Questions between co-defendants.................................................................. 448 Further parties................................................................................................ 448 ORDER IX APPEARANCE OF PARTIES AND CONSEQUENCE OF NON-APPEARANCE Parties to appear on day fixed in summons for defendant to ............................ appear and answer 448 Dismissal of suit where summons not served in consequence of ....................... plaintiff’s failure to pay costs......................................................................................................... 449 Where neither party appears, suit to be dismissed......................................... 449 Plaintiff may bring fresh suit or Court may restore suit to file...................... 449 Dismissal of suit where plaintiff, after summons returned unserved, ............... fails for seven days to apply for fresh summons............................................................................ 449 Procedure when only plaintiff appears........................................................... 451 - When summons duly served........................................................................ 451 - When summons not duly served.................................................................. 451 - When summons served, but not in due time................................................ 451 Procedure where defendant appears on day of adjourned hearing and ............ assigns good cause for previous non-appearance.......................................................................... 452 Procedure where defendant only appears...................................................... 453 Decree against plaintiff by default bars fresh suit.......................................... 455 Procedure in case of non-attendance of one or more of several plaintiffs...... 456 Procedure in case of non-attendance of one or more of served defendants... 456 Consequence of non-attendance, without sufficient cause shown, of ................ party ordered to appear in person............................................................................................. 457 Setting aside decrees ex parte Setting aside decree ex parte against defendant............................................. 457 No decree to be set aside without notice to opposite party........................... 463 ORDER X EXAMINATION OF PARTIES BY THE COURT Ascertainment whether allegations in pleadings are admitted or denied...... 464 1A. Direction of the Court to opt for any one mode of alternative .......................... dispute resolution 464 1B. Appearance before the conciliatory forum or authority................................. 464 1C. Appearance before the Court consequent to the failure of efforts ..................... of conciliation 464 Oral examination of party, or companion of party......................................... 465 Substance of examination to be written.......................................................... 466 Consequence of refusal or inability of pleader to answer.............................. 466 ORDER XI DISCOVERY AND INSPECTION Discovery by interrogatories.......................................................................... 466 Particular interrogatories to be submitted...................................................... 468 Costs of interrogatories.................................................................................. 469 Form of interrogatories.................................................................................. 469 Corporations................................................................................................... 469 Objections to interrogatories by answer......................................................... 469 Setting aside and striking out interrogatories................................................ 470 Affidavit in answer, filing.............................................................................. 470 Form of affidavit in answer............................................................................ 470 No exception to be taken................................................................................ 470 Order to answer or answer further................................................................ 470 Application for discovery of documents......................................................... 470 Affidavit of documents................................................................................... 471 Production of documents................................................................................ 471 Inspection of documents referred to in pleadings or affidavits...................... 472 Notice to produce........................................................................................... 473 Time for inspection when notice given........................................................... 474 Order for inspection....................................................................................... 474 Verified copies................................................................................................ 475 Premature discovery....................................................................................... 475 Non-compliance with order for discovery..................................................... 476 Using answers to interrogatories at trial........................................................ 477 Order to apply to minors................................................................................ 477 ORDER XII ADMISSIONS Notice of admission of case............................................................................ 486 Notice to admit documents............................................................................ 486 2-A. Document to be deemed to be admitted if not denied after service ................. of notice to admit documents...................................................................................................... 486 Form of notice................................................................................................ 487 3-A. Power of Court to record admission.............................................................. 487 Notice to admit facts...................................................................................... 488 Form of admissions........................................................................................ 488 Judgment on admissions................................................................................. 488 Affidavit of signature..................................................................................... 491 Notice to produce documents......................................................................... 491 Costs............................................................................................................... 491 ORDER XIII PRODUCTION, IMPOUNDING AND RETURN OF DOCUMENTS Original documents to be produced at or before the settlement of issues..... 491 Effect of non-production of documents [Omitted].......................................... 493 Rejection of irrelevant or inadmissible documents......................................... 493 Endorsements on documents admitted in evidence....................................... 493 Endorsements on copies of admitted entries in books, accounts and records 494 Endorsements on documents rejected as inadmissible in evidence................ 494 Recording of admitted and return of rejected documents.............................. 495 Court may order any document to be impounded......................................... 495 Return of admitted documents....................................................................... 496 Court may send for papers from its own records or from other Courts........ 498 Provisions as to documents applied to material objects.................................. 499 ORDER XIV SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES AND DETERMINATION OF SUIT ON ISSUES OF LAW OR ON ISSUES AGREED UPON Framing of issues............................................................................................ 504 Court to pronounce judgment on all issues.................................................... 506 Materials from which issues may be framed.................................................. 509 Court may examine witnesses or documents before framing issues.............. 509 Power to amend, and strike out, issues.......................................................... 509 Questions of fact or law may by agreement be stated in form of issues........ 510 Court, if satisfied that agreement was executed in good faith, ......................... may pronounce judgment......................................................................................................... 510 ORDER XV DISPOSAL OF THE SUIT AT THE FIRST HEARING Parties not at issue.......................................................................................... 511 One of several defendants not at issue........................................................... 512 Parties at issue................................................................................................ 513 Failure to produce evidence........................................................................... 513 ORDER XVI SUMMONING AND ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES List of witnesses and summons to witnesses.................................................. 517 1-A. Production of witnesses without summons.................................................... 519 Expenses of witness to be paid into Court on applying for summons............ 520 - Experts......................................................................................................... 520 - Scale of expenses.......................................................................................... 520 - Expenses to be directly paid to witnesses.................................................... 520 Tender of expenses to witness........................................................................ 522 Procedure where insufficient sum paid in...................................................... 523 Expenses of witness detained more than one day.......................................... 523 4A. Special provision for public servants summoned as witnesses in suits .............. to which Government is a party.................................................................................... 524 4B. Special provision for public servants summoned as witnesses in suits in .......... which the Government is not a party............................................................................. 524 Time, place and purpose of attendance to be specified in summons.............. 525 Summons to produce document..................................................................... 526 Power to require persons present in Court to give evidence or ........................ produce document 526 7-A. Summons given to party for service............................................................... 526 Summons how served..................................................................................... 527 Time for serving summons............................................................................. 527 Procedure where witness fails to comply with summons............................... 528 If witness appears attachment may be withdrawn......................................... 529 Procedure if witness fails to appear................................................................ 529 Mode of attachment........................................................................................ 530 Court may of its own accord summon as witnesses strangers to suit............ 530 Duty of persons summoned to give evidence or produce document............. 530 When they may depart................................................................................... 530 Application of rules 10 to 13........................................................................... 531 Procedure where witness apprehended cannot give evidence or ...................... produce document 531 No witness to be ordered to attend in person unless resident .......................... within certain limits 532 Consequence of refusal of party to give evidence when called on by Court.. 533 Rules in case of parties appearing as witnesses.............................................. 533 order xvi-a ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES CONFINED OR DETAINED IN PRISONS Definitions...................................................................................................... 534 Power to require attendance of prisoners to give evidence........................... 534 Expenses to be paid into Court....................................................................... 534 Power of State Government to exclude certain persons from the ...................... operation of rule 2 535 Officer in charge of prison to abstain from carrying out order in ..................... certain cases 535 Prisoner to be brought to Court in custody.................................................... 536 Power to issue commission for examination of witness in prison................... 536 ORDER XVII ADJOURNMENTS Court may grant time and adjourn hearing.................................................... 536 - Costs of adjournment................................................................................... 537 Procedure if parties fail to appear on day fixed............................................. 539 Court may proceed notwithstanding either party fails to produce ................... evidence, etc. 540 ORDER XVIII HEARING OF THE SUIT AND EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES Right to begin................................................................................................. 541 Statement and production of evidence........................................................... 542 Evidence where several issues........................................................................ 543 3A. Party to appear before other witnesses.......................................................... 544 Recording of evidence.................................................................................... 544 How evidence shall be taken in appealable cases........................................... 547 When deposition to be interpreted................................................................. 547 Evidence under S. 138..................................................................................... 547 Memorandum when evidence not taken down by Judge............................... 548 When evidence may be taken in English........................................................ 548 Any particular question and answer may be taken down.............................. 548 Questions objected to and allowed by Court................................................. 548 Remarks on demeanour of witnesses............................................................. 548 Memorandum of evidence in unappealable cases........................................... 549 [Omitted] ........................................................................................................ 549 Power to deal with evidence taken before another Judge.............................. 549 Power to examine witness immediately......................................................... 549 Court may recall and examine witness........................................................... 550 17A. Production of evidence not previously known or which could not ................... be produced despite due diligence [Omitted] .................................................................................. 551 Power of Court to inspect............................................................................... 551 Power to get statements recorded on commission......................................... 552 ORDER XIX AFFIDAVITS Power to order any point to be proved by affidavit...................................... 552 Power to order attendance of deponent for cross-examination..................... 555 Matters to which affidavit shall be confined.................................................. 558 ORDER XX JUDGMENT AND DECREE Judgment when pronounced.......................................................................... 563 Power to pronounce judgment written by Judge’s predecessor..................... 567 Judgment to be signed, transcript of short-hand............................................ 567 Judgments in suits tried as Small Causes........................................................ 568 - Judgments in other cases.............................................................................. 569 Court to state its decision on each issue............................................
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